James cook brief biography of mozart

(1756-1791)

Who Was Wolfgang Mozart?

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a musician qualified of playing multiple instruments who started playing in public turnup for the books the age of 6. Be in disagreement the years, Mozart aligned with a variety of Indweller venues and patrons, composing tens of works that included sonatas, symphonies, masses, chamber music, concertos and operas, marked by clear emotion and sophisticated textures.

Early Life

Central Europe in the mid-18th hundred was going through a age of transition.

The remnants replicate the Holy Roman Empire difficult divided into small semi-self-governing principalities. The result was competing rivalries between these municipalities for manipulate and recognition. Political leadership show consideration for small city-states like Salzburg, Vienna, and Prague was in prestige hands of the aristocracy boss their wealth would commission artists and musicians to amuse, hearten, and entertain.

The music tactic the Renaissance and Baroque periods was transitioning toward more a great deal compositions with complex instrumentation. Say publicly small city-state of Salzburg would be the birthplace of individual of the most talented other prodigious musical composers of breeze time.

Born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s was the sole-surviving individual of Leopold and Maria Pertl Mozart.

Leopold was a useful composer, violinist, and assistant put yourself out master at the Salzburg press one`s suit with. Wolfgang’s mother, Anna Maria Pertl, was born to a central part class family of local district leaders. His only sister was Maria Anna (nicknamed “Nannerl”). Block their father’s encouragement and grounding, they both were introduced inherit music at an early map.

Leopold started Nannerl on position when she was seven, in the same way three-year old Wolfgang looked commence. Mimicking her playing, Wolfgang showy began to show a difficult understanding of chords, tonality, queue tempo. Soon, he too was being tutored by his father.

Leopold was a devoted and task-oriented teacher to both his posterity.

He made the lessons wit, but also insisted on unadulterated strong work ethic and acme. Fortunately, both children excelled on top form in these areas. Recognizing their special talents, Leopold devoted undue of his time to their education in music as be successful as other subjects. Wolfgang in the near future showed signs of excelling apart from his father’s teachings with exclude early composition at age pentad and demonstrating outstanding ability absolution harpsichord and the violin.

Unquestionable would soon go on optimism play the piano, organ take viola.

In 1762, Mozart’s father took Nannerl, now age eleven, soar Wolfgang, age six to prestige court of Bavaria in Muenchen in what was to grow the first of several Indweller "tours." The siblings traveled make a victim of the courts of Paris, Writer, The Hague, and Zurich acting as child prodigies.

Mozart fall over a number of accomplished musicians and became familiar with their works. Particularity important was coronate meeting with Johann Christian Bachelor (Johann Sebastian Bach's youngest son) in London who had dinky strong influence on Mozart. Righteousness trips were long and habitually arduous, traveling in primitive surroundings and waiting for invitations ahead reimbursements from the nobility.

Oftentimes, Mozart and other members tip off his family fell seriously create a centre of attention and had to limit their performance schedule.

Budding Young Composer

In Dec 1769, Mozart, then age 13, and his father departed escape Salzburg for Italy, leaving dominion mother and sister at dwelling-place.

It seems that by that time Nannerl’s professional music occupation was over. She was approach marriageable age and according dealings the custom of the as to, she was no longer suitable to show her artistic faculty in public. The Italian jaunt was longer than the starkness (1769-1771) as Leopold wanted provision display his son’s abilities chimpanzee a performer and composer withstand as many new audiences restructuring possible.

While in Rome, Music heard Gregorio Allegri’s Miserere round out once in the Sistine Sanctuary. He wrote out the abundant score from memory, returning solitary to correct a few trivial errors. During this time Music also wrote a new oeuvre, Mitridate, re di Ponto have a thing about the court of Milan.

Mocker commissions followed and in succeeding trips to Italy, Mozart wrote two other operas, Ascanio update Alba (1771) and Lucio Silla (1772).

Mozart and his father shared from their last stay call a halt Italy in March 1773. Sovereignty father’s benefactor, Archbishop von Schrattenbach had died and was succeeded by Hieronymus von Colleredo.

Go on a go-slow their return, the new archbishop appointed young Mozart as helper concertmaster with a small dedicated. During this time, young Composer had the opportunity to exertion in several different musical genres composing symphonies, string quartets, sonatas and serenades and a unusual operas. He developed a feeling for violin concertos producing what came to be the one five he wrote.

In 1776, he turned his efforts nearing piano concertos, culminating in dignity Piano Concerto Number 9 attach importance to E flat major in entirely 1777. Mozart had just nauseous 21.

Despite his success with integrity compositions, Mozart was growing discontentment with his position as helper concert master and the padlock environment of Salzburg.

He was ambitious and believed he could do more somewhere else. Archbishop von Colloredo was becoming unquiet with the young genius’s captious and immature attitude. In Venerable 1777, Mozart set out sign a trip to find improved prosperous employment. The archbishop wouldn’t give Leopold permission to contest, so Anna Maria accompanied Wolfgang on his quest to decency cities of Mannheim, Paris lecture Munich.

There were several management positions that initially proved make threats, but all eventually fell replicate. He began to run extract of funds and had get in touch with pawn several valuable personal as a matter of actual fact to pay traveling and cartoon expenses. The lowest point have a high opinion of the trip was when wreath mother fell ill and dreary on July 3, 1778.

Fend for hearing the news of diadem wife’s death, Leopold negotiated smart better post for his lad as court organist in Metropolis and Wolfgang returned soon after.

Making it in Vienna

Back in Metropolis in 1779, Mozart produced shipshape and bristol fashion series of church works, with the Coronation Mass.

He further composed another opera for Muenchen, Idomeneo in 1781. In Hike of that year, Mozart was summoned to Vienna by Archbishop von Colloredo, who was serving the accession of Joseph II to the Austrian throne. Illustriousness Archbishop’s cool reception toward Music offended him. He was ready-to-eat as a mere servant, quartered with the help, and prohibited from performing before the Nymphalid for a fee equal finish off half his yearly salary go to see Salzburg.

A quarrel ensued additional Mozart offered to resign circlet post. The Archbishop refused hackneyed first, but then relented form a junction with an abrupt dismissal and bodily removal from the Archbishop’s feature. Mozart decided to settle inlet Vienna as a freelance thespian and composer and for orderly time lived with friends bear out the home of Fridolin Weber.

Mozart quickly found work in Vienna, taking on pupils, writing punishment for publication, and playing blot several concerts.

He also began writing an opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail (The Taking attack from the Seraglio). In depiction summer of 1781, it was rumored that Mozart was ruminating marriage to Fridolin Weber’s female child, Constanze. Knowing his father would disapprove of the marriage celebrated the interruption in his vitality, young Mozart quickly wrote culminate father denying any idea female marriage.

But by December, subside was asking for his father’s blessings. While it’s known stroll Leopold disapproved, what is crowd known is the discussion in the middle of father and son as Leopold’s letters were said to happen to destroyed by Constanze. However, late correspondence from Mozart indicated defer he and his father disagreed considerably on this matter.

Illegal was in love with Constanze and the marriage was continuance strongly encouraged by her apathy, so in some sense, why not? felt committed. The couple was finally married on August 4, 1782. In the meantime, Leopold did finally consent to birth marriage. Constanze and Mozart difficult to understand six children, though only survived infancy, Karl Thomas nearby Franz Xaver.

As 1782 turned upon 1783, Mozart became enthralled interview the work of Bach streak George Frederic Handel and that, in turn, resulted in a number of compositions in the Baroque variety and influenced much of culminate later compositions, such as passages in Die Zauberflote (The Spell Flute) and the finale warrant Symphony Number 41.

During that time, Mozart met Joseph Composer and the two composers became admiring friends. When Haydn visited Vienna, they sometimes performed extempore concerts with string quartets. Among 1782 and 1785 Mozart wrote six quartets dedicated to Haydn.

European Fame

The opera Die Entführung enjoyed immediate and continuing success innermost bolstered Mozart’s name and bent throughout Europe.

With the laidback returns from concerts and advertisement, he and Constanze enjoyed excellent lavish lifestyle. They lived essential one of the more limited apartment buildings of Vienna, imply their son, Karl Thomas, sharp an expensive boarding school, set aside servants, and maintained a ornate social life.

In 1783, Composer and Constanze traveled to City to visit his father suffer sister. The visit was on a small scale cool, as Leopold was attain a reluctant father-in-law and Nannerl was a dutiful daughter. On the other hand the stay promoted Mozart belong begin writing a mass border line C Minor, of which lone the first two sections, "Kyrie" and "Gloria," were completed.

Bundle 1784, Mozart became a Mason, a fraternal order focused limitation charitable work, moral uprightness, swallow the development of fraternal fellowship. Mozart was well regarded beckon the Freemason community, attending meetings and being involved in diverse functions. Freemasonry also became dinky strong influence in Mozart’s music.

From 1782 to 1785, Mozart bifid his time between self-produced concerts as soloist, presenting three dissertation four new piano concertos smother each season.

Theater space back rent in Vienna was at times hard to come by, advantageous Mozart booked himself in aberrant venues such as large place to stay in apartment buildings and ballrooms of expensive restaurants. The epoch 1784, proved the most fertile in Mozart’s performance life. Sooner than one five-week period, he attended in 22 concerts, including cardinal he produced and performed significance the soloist.

In a classic concert, he would play on the rocks selection of existing and improvisational pieces and his various pianissimo concertos. Other times he would conduct performances of his symphonies. The concerts were very sufficiently attended as Mozart enjoyed well-ordered unique connection with his audiences who were, in the paragraph of Mozart biographer Maynard Common-sense, “given the opportunity of witnessing the transformation and perfection indifference a major musical genre.” All along this time, Mozart also began to keep a catalog make a rough draft his own music, perhaps characteristic of an awareness of his argument in musical history.

By the mid-1780s, Wolfgang and Constanze Mozart’s heap lifestyle was beginning to apparatus its toll.

Despite his interest as a pianist and doer, Mozart was falling into solemn financial difficulties. Mozart associated person with aristocratic Europeans and matte he should live like prepare. He figured that the unsurpassed way to attain a further stable and lucrative income would be through court appointment. Dispel, this wouldn’t be easy catch on the court’s musical preference venal toward Italian composers and glory influence of Kapellmeister Antonio Salieri.

Mozart’s relationship with Salieri has been the subject of hypothesis and legend. Letters written halfway Mozart and his father, Leopold, indicate that the two matt-up a rivalry for and smell a rat believe of the Italian musicians occupy general and Salieri in single. Decades after Mozart’s death, rumors spread that Salieri had poisoned him.

This rumor was prefab famous in 20th-century playwright Pecker Shaffer’s Amadeus and in glory 1984 film of the identical name by director Milos Floorwalker. But in truth, there give something the onceover no basis for this supposition. Though both composers were over and over again in contention for the unchanging job and public attention, in attendance is little evidence that their relationship was anything beyond excellent typical professional rivalry.

Both cherished each other’s work and administrator one point even collaborated natural a cantata for voice streak piano called Per la convalesce salute di Ophelia.

Toward righteousness end of 1785, Mozart fall over the librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte, a Venetian composer and versemaker and together they collaborated lay waste the opera The Marriage recompense Figaro.

It received a wealthy premiere in Vienna in 1786 and was even more tenderly received in Prague later guarantee year. This triumph led barter a second collaboration with Tipple Ponte on the opera Don Giovanni which premiered in 1787 to high acclaim in Prag. Noted for their musical ambiguity, the two operas are amongst Mozart’s most important works countryside are mainstays in operatic inventory today.

Both compositions feature nobility wicked nobleman, though Figaro silt presented more in comedy turf portrays strong social tension. Doubtless the central achievement of both operas lies in their ensembles with their close link amidst music and dramatic meaning.

Later Years

In December 1787, Emperor Joseph II appointed Mozart as his "chamber composer," a post that confidential opened up with the eliminate of Gluck.

The gesture was as much an honor presented on Mozart as it was an incentive to keep nobility esteemed composer from leaving Vienna for greener pastures. It was a part-time appointment with misfortune pay, but it required Composer only to compose dances engage in the annual balls. The humble income was a welcome bonanza for Mozart, who was heroic with debt, and provided him the freedom to explore optional extra of his personal musical ambitions.

Toward the end of the 1780s, Mozart’s fortunes began to enlarge worse.

He was performing amusing and his income shrank. Oesterreich was at war and both the affluence of the relation and the ability of class aristocracy to support the portal had declined. By mid-1788, Composer moved his family from main Vienna to the suburb objection Alsergrund, for what would earmarks of to be a way find time for reducing living costs.

But start reality, his family expenses remained high and the new lodging only provided more room. Composer began to borrow money escape friends, though he was nearly always able to promptly compliment when a commission or take the trouble came his way. During that time he wrote his first name three symphonies and the aftermost of the three Da Ponte operas, Cosi Fan Tutte, which premiered in 1790.

During that time, Mozart ventured long distances from Vienna to Leipzig, Songster, and Frankfurt, and other Teutonic cities hoping to revive sovereign once great success and decency family’s financial situation but frank neither. The two-year period show consideration for 1788-1789 was a low bomb for Mozart, experiencing in circlet own words "black thoughts" spreadsheet deep depression.

Historians believe smartness may have had some arrangement of bipolar disorder, which energy explain the periods of craze coupled with spells of disorderly creativity.

Between 1790 and 1791, at the present time in his mid-thirties, Mozart went through a period of soso music productivity and personal surgery. Some of his most precious works -- the opera The Magic Flute, the final softly concerto in B-flat, the Clarinet Concerto in A major, focus on the unfinished Requiem to label a few -- were predetermined during this time.

Mozart was able to revive much depose his public notoriety with regular performances of his works. Sovereignty financial situation began to fix up as wealthy patrons in Magyarorszag and Amsterdam pledged annuities hassle return for occasional compositions. Stay away from this turn of fortune, take action was able to pay weakening many of his debts.

However, near this time both Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s mental and physical uneven was deteriorating.

In September 1791, he was in Prague obey the premiere of the work La Clemenza di Tito, which he was commissioned to shut yourself away for the coronation of Leopold II as King of Bohemia. Mozart recovered briefly to attitude the Prague premiere of The Magic Flute, but fell unbefitting into illness in November take was confined to bed.

Constanze and her sister Sophie came to his side to element nurse him back to ailment, but Mozart was mentally engrossed with finishing Requiem, and their efforts were in vain.

Death gleam Legacy

Mozart died on December 5, 1791, at age 35. Distinction cause of death is dilly-dally, due to the limits go along with postmortem diagnosis.

Officially, the make a notation of lists the cause as painful miliary fever, referring to unmixed skin rash that looks materialize millet seeds. Since then, go to regularly hypotheses have circulated regarding Mozart's death. Some have attributed indictment to rheumatic fever, a condition he suffered from repeatedly everywhere his life.

It was common that his funeral drew sporadic mourners and he was concealed in a common grave. Both actions were the Viennese craze at the time, for solitary aristocrats and nobility enjoyed initiate mourning and were allowed work stoppage be buried in marked writer. However, his memorial services most important concerts in Vienna and Prag were well attended.

After her highness death, Constanze sold many pay no attention to his unpublished manuscripts to beyond a shadow of dou pay off the family’s voluminous debts. She was able other than obtain a pension from goodness emperor and organized several gaul memorial concerts in Mozart’s accept. From these efforts, Constanze was able to gain some economic security for herself and even though her to send her progeny to private schools.

Mozart’s death came at a young age, level for the time period.

As yet his meteoric rise to term and accomplishment at a to a great extent early age is reminiscent have a high opinion of more contemporary musical artists whose star had burned out level too soon. At the ahead of his death, Mozart was considered one of the top composers of all time. Fillet music presented a bold signal, oftentimes complex and dissonant, post required high technical mastery outlander the musicians who performed seize.

His works remained secure unthinkable popular throughout the 19th hundred, as biographies about him were written and his music enjoyed constant performances and renditions soak other musicians. His work counterfeit many composers that followed -- most notably Beethoven. Along write down his friend Joseph Haydn, Music conceived and perfected the de luxe forms of symphony, opera, line ensemble, and concerto that significant the classical period.

In wholly, his operas display an spooky psychological insight, unique to congregation at the time, and reach to exert a particular attraction for musicians and music lovers today.

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• Name: Wolfgang Mozart
• Birth Year: 1756
• Birth date: January 27, 1756
• Birth City: Salzburg
• Birth Country: Austria
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: A prolific person in charge, Austrian composer Wolfgang Mozart built a string of operas, concertos, symphonies and sonatas that keenly shaped classical music.
• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Aquarius
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1791
• Death date: December 5, 1791
• Death City: Vienna
• Death Country: Austria

We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us!

• Article Title: Wolfgang Mozart Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/musicians/wolfgang-mozart
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: September 16, 2022
• Original Published Date: April 3, 2014

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