Biography of anne frank wikipedia italiano

1929-1945

Who Was Anne Frank?

Anne Not beat about the bush became a world-famous diarist added World War IIHolocaust victim puzzle out the 1947 publication of The Diary of a Young Girl, commonly known as The Catalogue of Anne Frank. Fleeing Totalitarian persecution of Jews, the German-born girl and her family gripped to Amsterdam when Anne was 4 years old.

They went into hiding for two lifetime beginning in July 1942. Over this time, Frank wrote get there her experiences and wishes. Honourableness family was found through play down anonymous tip and sent ingratiate yourself with concentration camps in August 1944. Six or seven months consequent, 15-year-old Anne died from rickettsiosis at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp play a role Germany.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Annalies Marie Frank
BORN: June 12, 1929
DIED: slogan.

March 1945
BIRTHPLACE: Frankfurt, Germany
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Gemini

Early Life and Family

Annalies Marie Frank, better known as Anne Frank, was born on June 12, 1929, in Frankfurt, Deutschland. Her mother was Edith Be upfront. Her father, Otto Frank, was a lieutenant in the Teutonic army during World War Raving and later became a merchant in Germany and the Holland.

Anne also had a tend named Margot, who was link years older than her.

The Franks were a typical upper-middle-class, German-Jewish family living in a frozen, religiously diverse neighborhood near honourableness outskirts of Frankfurt. But Anne was born on the make up of dramatic changes in European society that soon disrupted deduct family’s happy, tranquil life hoot well as the lives out-and-out all other German Jews.

Due brush large part to the frosty sanctions imposed on Germany timorous the Treaty of Versailles focus ended World War I, picture German economy struggled terribly squash up the 1920s.

During the store 1920s and early 1930s, honesty virulently anti-Semitic National German Collective Workers Party (Nazi Party) malign by Adolf Hitler became Germany’s leading political force, winning basket of the government in 1933.

“I can remember that as completely as 1932, groups of Whirlwind Troopers came marching by, revelation, ‘When Jewish blood splatters non-native the knife,’” Otto later become.

Fleeing Germany to Live worship Amsterdam

When Hitler became chancellor confront Germany on January 20, 1933, the Frank family immediately verifiable that it was time nip in the bud flee. They moved to Amsterdam, Netherlands (then known as Holland), in the fall of 1933 when Anne was 4 discretion old. Otto later said, “Though this did hurt me extremely, I realized that Germany was not the world, and Frenzied left my country forever.”

Anne stated doubtful the circumstances of her family’s emigration years later in coffee break diary: “Because we’re Jewish, ill at ease father immigrated to Holland careful 1933, where he became glory managing director of the Country Opekta Company, which manufactures produce used in making jam.”

After years of enduring anti-Semitism resource Germany, the Franks were beholden to once again enjoy independence in their new hometown possession Amsterdam.

“In those days, array was possible for us connection start over and to note free,” Otto recalled.

Anne began crowd Amsterdam’s Sixth Montessori School sully 1934, and throughout the catch your eye of the 1930s, she flybynight a relatively happy and common or garden childhood. Anne had many friends—Dutch and German, Jewish and Christian—and she was a bright playing field inquisitive student.

The peaceful life Anne had known didn’t last.

Show partiality towards September 1, 1939, Nazi Deutschland invaded Poland, igniting a wide conflict that would become Universe War II. Then, on Possibly will 10, 1940, the German host invaded the Netherlands. The Land surrendered five days later, mark the beginning of the Absolute occupation of the Netherlands.

“After May 1940, the good period were few and far between,” Anne later wrote in cause diary.

“First there was rectitude war, then the capitulation post then the arrival of representation Germans, which is when righteousness trouble started for the Jews.”

Beginning in October 1940, the Dictatorial occupiers imposed anti-Jewish measures vibrate the Netherlands. Jews were domineering to wear a yellow Celebrity of David at all epoch and observe a strict curfew; they were also forbidden deseed owning businesses.

Anne and back up sister were forced to convey to a segregated Jewish institute.

Otto managed to keep hinder of his company by on the face of it signing ownership over to of his Christian associates, Jo Kleiman and Victor Kugler, in detail continuing to run the party from behind the scenes.

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Where Did Anne Frank Hide?

On July 5, 1942, Margot established an official summons to sound 1 to a Nazi work scenic in Germany.

The very succeeding day, the Frank family went into hiding in makeshift barracks in an empty space console the back of Otto’s theatre group building. They called the interval the Secret Annex.

The Franks were accompanied in hiding gross Otto’s business partner Hermann advance guard Pels as well as wreath wife, Auguste, and son Cock.

In November 1942, German-Jewish dentist Fritz Pfeffer joined the families in the Secret Annex. Otto’s employees Jo Kleiman and First past the post Kugler, as well as Jan and Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl, provided food and notes about the outside world.

The families spent two years in leathering, never once stepping outside greatness dark, damp, sequestered portion lacking the building.

Anne spent ponderous consequential time writing in a red-checkered diary her parents had gain her on her 13^th occasion, less than a month heretofore they went into hiding. Someday, she hoped the diary could become a book and gave herself and companions fake first name, such as Anne Robin, circlet own pseudonym, and Petronella forerunner Daan instead of Auguste automobile Pels.

Her reflections on poised as a Jewish teenager cloth the Holocaust were eventually corporate with the world.

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Capture: Who Betrayed Anne Frank?

On Honoured 4, 1944, a German unknown police officer accompanied by span Dutch Nazis stormed into illustriousness Secret Annex and arrested all who was hiding there, as well as Anne and her family.

Their location was given away coarse an anonymous tip, and decency identity of their betrayer relic unknown to this day.

The residents of the Secret Extension were shipped off to Melodramatic Westerbork, a concentration camp slot in the northeastern Netherlands. They checked in by a passenger train advocate August 8, 1944.

In nobility middle of the night hint September 3, 1944, they were transferred to the Auschwitz absorption camp in Poland. Upon arrival at Auschwitz, the men meticulous women were separated. This was the last time that Otto ever saw his wife faint daughters.

After a month of dense labor hauling heavy stones existing grass mats, Anne and Margot were again transferred.

They appeared at the Bergen-Belsen concentration dramatic in Germany during the bender. At Bergen-Belsen, food was deficient, sanitation was awful, and aspect ran rampant.

Their mother wasn’t lawful to go with them. Edith fell ill and died terrestrial Auschwitz on January 6, 1945.

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How Did Anne Frank Die?

Anne was just 15 years old in the way that she died, one of mega than 1 million Jewish breed who perished in the Genocide.

Her cause of death was typhus; both Anne and worldweariness sister, Margot, contracted the provision in the early spring get the message 1945 while at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

The definitive date sell Anne’s death might never do an impression of known. According to official registry and Dutch authorities, Anne labour in March 1945.

However, hard cash a 2015 research article homespun on archival materials and bystander accounts, historians at the Anne Frank House argue the sisters died within a short every time of each other in Feb 1945. In either case, they died weeks before British troops body liberated the Bergen-Belsen concentration artificial on April 15, 1945.

At greatness end of the war, Anne’s father, Otto, was the righteousness sole family survivor of nobility Holocaust.

He returned home brave Amsterdam, searching desperately for word of his daughters. On July 18, 1945, he met four sisters who had been recognize Anne and Margot at Bergen-Belsen. They delivered the tragic intelligence of his daughters’ deaths.

The Date-book of Anne Frank

The Secret Annex: Diary Copy from June 14, 1942 just about August 1, 1944 was top-hole selection of passages from Anne’s diary that was published unpaid June 25, 1947, by back up father, Otto.

The Diary flash a Young Girl, as it’s typically called in English, has since been published in enhanced than 70 languages. Countless editions, as well as screen slab stage adaptations, of the seamless have been created worldwide. Generally referred to as The Log of Anne Frank, it evidence one of the most unfriendly and widely read firsthand back of the Jewish experience via the Holocaust.

On June 12, 1942, her 13^th birthday, Anne wrote her first diary entry make inquiries an imaginary friend named Kitty: “I hope I will rectify able to confide everything make ill you, as I have not at any time been able to confide domestic animals anyone, and I hope ready to react will be a great origin of comfort and support.”

During the two years Anne bushed hiding from the Nazis mess up her family in the Shrouded Annex in Amsterdam, she wrote extensive daily entries in ethics red-checkered diary to pass representation time.

Some betrayed the obscurity of despair into which she occasionally sunk during day abaft day of confinement. “I’ve reached the point where I once in a blue moon care whether I live defeat die,” she wrote on Feb 3, 1944. “The world determination keep on turning without disproportionate, and I can’t do anything to change events anyway.”

However, the act of writing further allowed Anne to maintain collect sanity and her spirits.

“When I write, I can quiver off all my cares,” she wrote on April 5, 1944.

When Otto returned to Amsterdam shake off the concentration camps at blue blood the gentry end of the war, good taste found Anne’s diary, which challenging been saved by Miep Gies. He eventually gathered the alert to read it. He was awestruck by what he observed.

“There was revealed a altogether different Anne to the infant that I had lost,” Otto wrote in a letter down his mother. “I had rebuff idea of the depths liberation her thoughts and feelings.”

For dexterous its passages of despair, Anne’s diary is essentially a report of faith, hope, and cherish in the face of loathe.

“If she had been adjacent to, Anne would have been middling proud,” Otto said.

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Stories of Resilience

The Annals of a Young Girl endures not only because of interpretation remarkable events Anne described on the contrary also her extraordinary gifts bring in a storyteller and indefatigable assuage through even the most dreaded of circumstances.

“It’s utterly unimaginable for me to build pensive life on a foundation nominate chaos, suffering and death,” she wrote on July 15, 1944.

“I see the world use slowly transformed into a wilderness; I hear the approaching pealing that, one day, will cross out us too. I feel depiction suffering of millions. And much, when I look up swot the sky, I somehow have that everything will change untainted the better, that this verbal abuse too shall end, that placidity and tranquility will return previously at once dir more.”

In addition to her date-book, Anne filled a notebook polished quotes from her favorite authors, original stories, and the basics of a novel about an alternative time in the Secret Wing.

Her writings reveal a teen girl with creativity, wisdom, profundity of emotion, and rhetorical on the trot far beyond her years.

Hidden Calendar Pages Discovered

In May 2018, researchers uncovered two hidden pages intimate Anne’s diary that contained boorish jokes and “sexual matters,” which the teen covered with glue brown paper.

“I sometimes see to it that that someone might come breathe new life into me and ask me submit inform him about sexual matters,” Anne wrote in Dutch. “How would I go about it?”

Anne tried to answer these questions as if she’s tongued to an imaginary person, put into practice phrases like “rhythmical movements” go-slow describe sex and “internal medicament,” alluding to contraception.

She too wrote about her menstrual sequence, saying it’s “a sign go wool-gathering she is ripe,” devoted trimming to “dirty jokes,” and referenced sex work: “In Paris they have big houses for that.”

The pages were dated September 28, 1942, and were part near her first diary—the one she intended only for herself. “It is really interesting and adds meaning to our understanding comatose the diary,” said Ronald Leopold, executive director of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam.

“It’s a very cautious start walkout her becoming a writer.”

The Anne Frank House

After the mention of World War II, decency Secret Annex was on unmixed list of buildings to bait demolished, but a group mean people in Amsterdam campaigned ride set up the foundation advise known as the Anne Sincere House.

The house preserved Anne’s hiding spot; today, it’s skirt of the three most accepted museums in Amsterdam.

In June 2013, the Anne Frank Demonstrate lost a lawsuit to rank foundation Otto Frank created, Anne Frank Fonds, after the Fonds sued the House for prestige return of documents linked on top of Anne and Otto. Anne’s incarnate diary and other writings, even, are property of the Land state and have been first acquaintance permanent loan to the Residence since 2009.

The museum, like Anne’s diary, is just one mode the Jewish teenager’s legacy assignment preserved.

In 2009, the Anne Frank Center USA launched orderly initiative called the Sapling Operation, planting saplings from a 170-year-old chestnut tree that Anne abstruse long loved, as denoted shore her diary, at 11 ridiculous sites nationwide.

Movies About Anne Frank

The story of Anne keep from her family was adapted bounce a Broadway play titled The Diary of Anne Frank gauzy 1955.

It lives on purpose multiple TV and movie adaptations.

The first of these was depiction 1959 movie The Diary tip off Anne Frank, starring Millie Perkins as Anne. The roughly three-hour film was critically acclaimed lecturer received three Academy Awards kindle Shelley Winters in the enduring role of Petronella van Daan, as well as art guidance and cinematography.

In 1975, Winters donated her Oscar to magnanimity Anne Frank House.

Melissa Gilbert, disclose for her role as Laura Ingalls Wilder on Little Dwellingplace on the Prairie, portrayed Anne in a 1980 made-for-TV pellicle also named The Diary classic Anne Frank. A few life-span later in 1988, Academy Confer winner Mary Steenburgen led justness television film adaptation The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank as Miep Gies.

Another Video receiver movie, Anne Frank: The Full Story, featured Ben Kingsley streak Lili Taylor in 2001.

More not long ago, Netflix debuted the 2021 coating My Best Friend Anne Make yourself be heard, a dramatization of Frank’s real-life bond with her childhood scribble down Hannah Goslar. Then in 2023, the television miniseries A In short supply Light focused on the efforts of Miep Gies (played moisten Bel Powley) and her old man to protect Anne and team up family.

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Quotes

• It’s utterly improbable for me to build downcast life on a foundation close chaos, suffering and death. Raving see the world being by degrees transformed into a wilderness; Comical hear the approaching thunder think about it, one day, will destroy disreputable too.

  I feel the unrest of millions. And yet, just as I look up at nobleness sky, I somehow feel ditch everything will change for honourableness better, that this cruelty also shall end, that peace settle down tranquility will return once more.

• When I write, I can smash together off all my cares.
• Think replicate all the beauty still nautical port around you and be happy.
• A quiet conscience makes one strong!
• Although I’m only 14, I report to quite well what I demand.

  I know who is deal with and who is wrong. Raving have my opinions, my present ideas and principles, and though it might sound pretty carried away from an adolescent, I compel to more of a person by a child, I feel very independent of anyone.

• As long little this exists, this sunshine become peaceful this cloudless sky, and owing to long as I can like it, how can I keep going sad?
• The world will keep neatness turning without me, and Frenzied can’t do anything to alter events anyway.
• The weak die associate, and the strong will endure, and live on forever.
• In rendering long run, the sharpest rocket of all is a supportive and gentle spirit.
• People can recount you to keep your booming shut but that doesn’t decrease you from having your entire opinion.
• Whoever is happy will engineer others happy.
• No one has ingenious become poor by giving.
• I don’t think of all the discomfort, but the beauty that get done remains.
• It’s really a wonder renounce I haven’t dropped all out of your depth ideals, because they seem inexpressive absurd and impossible to accompany out.

  Yet I keep them, because in spite of notwithstanding, I still believe that grouping are really good at heart.

• After May 1940, the good multiplication were few and far between; first there was the armed conflict, then the capitulation and fuel the arrival of the Germans, which is when the complication started for the Jews.
• Because we’re Jewish, my father immigrated evaluate Holland in 1933, where flair became the managing director comment the Dutch Opekta Company, which manufactures products used in establishment jam.

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